Food Storage and Preparedness

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When Food Supplies
Are Low
If activity is reduced, healthy people can survive on half their usual
food intake for an extended period and without any food for many days.
Food, unlike water, may be rationed safely, except for children and pregnant
women.

If your water supply
is limited, try to avoid foods that are high in fat and protein, and don’t
stock salty foods, since they will make you thirsty. Try to eat salt-free
crackers, whole grain cereals and canned foods with high liquid content.

You don’t need to
go out and buy unfamiliar foods to prepare an emergency food supply. You
can use the canned foods, dry mixes and other staples on your cupboard
shelves. In fact, familiar foods are important. They can lift morale and
give a feeling of security in time of stress. Also, canned foods won’t
require cooking, water or special preparation. Following are recommended
short-term food storage plans.

Special Considerations

As you stock food, take into account your family’s unique needs and tastes.
Try to include foods that they will enjoy and that are also high in calories
and nutrition. Foods that require no refrigeration, preparation or cooking
are best.

Individuals with special
diets and allergies will need particular attention, as will babies, toddlers
and elderly people. Nursing mothers may need liquid formula, in case they
are unable to nurse. Canned dietetic foods, juices and soups may be helpful
for ill or elderly people.

Make sure you have
a manual can opener and disposable utensils. And don’t forget nonperishable
foods for your pets.

How to Cook If
the Power Goes Out
or emergency cooking you can use a fireplace, or a charcoal grill or camp
stove can be used outdoors. You can also heat food with candle warmers,
chafing dishes and fondue pots. Canned food can be eaten right out of
the can. If you heat it in the can, be sure to open the can and remove
the label first.

Short-Term Food
Supplies
Even though it is unlikely that an emergency would cut off your food supply
for two weeks, you should prepare a supply that will last that long.

The easiest way to
develop a two-week stockpile is to increase the amount of basic foods
you normally keep on your shelves.

Storage Tips

Keep food in a
dry, cool spot - a dark area if possible.
Keep food covered
at all times.
Open food boxes
or cans care-fully so that you can close them tightly after each use.
Wrap cookies and
crackers in plastic bags, and keep them in tight containers.
Empty opened packages
of sugar, dried fruits and nuts into screw-top jars or air-tight cans
to protect them from pests.
Inspect all food
for signs of spoilage before use.
Use foods before
they go bad, and replace them with fresh supplies, dated with ink or
marker. Place new items at the back of the storage area and older ones
in front.

Nutrition Tips

During and right
after a disaster, it will be vital that you maintain your strength.
So remember:
Eat at least one
well-balanced meal each day.
Drink enough liquid
to enable your body to function properly (two quarts a day).
Take in enough
calories to enable you to do any necessary work.
Include vitamin,
mineral and protein supplements in your stockpile to assure adequate
nutrition.

How
long can food supplies be stored?
To judge how long you can store food supplies, look for an “expiration
date” or “best if used by” date on the product. If you can not find a
date on the product, then the general recommendation is to store food
products for six months and then replace them.

Some households find
it helpful to pull food products for their regular meals from their disaster
supplies kit and replace them immediately on an ongoing basis, so the
food supplies are always fresh.

What
kinds of food supplies are recommended to store in case of a disaster?
Try to avoid foods that are high in fat and protein, and don’t stock salty
foods, since they will make you thirsty. Familiar foods can lift morale
and give a feeling of security in time of stress. Also, canned foods won’t
require cooking, water or special preparation. Take into account your
family’s unique needs and tastes. Try to include foods that they will
enjoy and that are also high in calories and nutrition.

Store supplies of
non-perishable foods and water in a handy place. You need to have these
items packed and ready in case there is no time to gather food from the
kitchen when disaster strikes. Sufficient supplies to last several days
to a week are recommended.

Select foods that
require no refrigeration, preparation or cooking, and little or no water.
Foods that are compact and lightweight are easy to store and carry.

Try to eat salt-free
crackers, whole grain cereals and canned food with high liquid content.

Recommended foods
include:

Ready-to-eat canned
meats, fruits and vegetables. (Be sure to include a manual can opener)
Canned juices,
milk and soup (if powdered, store extra water).
High energy foods,
such as peanut butter, jelly, crackers, granola bars and trail mix.
Comfort foods,
such as hard candy, sweetened cereals, candy bars and cookies.
Instant coffee,
tea bags.
Foods for infants,
elderly persons or persons on special diets, if necessary.
Compressed food
bars. They store well, are lightweight, taste good and are nutritious.
Trail mix. It is
available as a prepackaged product or you can assemble it on your own.
Dried foods. They
can be nutritious and satisfying, but have some have a lot of salt content,
which promotes thirst. Read the label.
Freeze-dried foods.
They are tasty and lightweight, but will need water for reconstitution.
Instant Meals.
Cups of noodles or cups of soup are a good addition, although they need
water for reconstitution.
Snack-sized canned
goods. Good because they generally have pull-top lids or twist-open
keys.
Prepackaged beverages.
Those in foil packets and foil-lined boxes are suitable because they
are tightly sealed and will keep for a long time.

Food Options to
Avoid:

Commercially dehydrated
foods. They can require a great deal of water for reconstitution and
extra effort in preparation.
Bottled foods.
They are generally too heavy and bulky, and break easily.
Meal-sized canned
foods. They are usually bulky and heavy.
Whole grains, beans,
pasta. Preparation could be complicated under the circumstances of a
disaster.

Shelf-life of Foods
for Storage
Here are some general guidelines for rotating common emergency foods.

Use within six
months: